The Filippino Street Children - 767 Words

The Filippino Street Children: A Constructivist and Behavioral Analysis Introduction: Right now there are millions of children all over the world running around playing games of tag, engrossing themselves in intense video games, or using their time to bury their noses in a book. Very few of these children, and their parents for that matter, realize just how privileged they are to live in communities here these activities are available and acceptable. In some areas of the world the children live amongst the garbage, have never seen a video game, and struggle to make enough money for survival. The problems lead to physical, sexual and substance abuse, criminal activity and homelessness. The Philippines is one of these places. The issues related to street children are some of the largest struggles of the Philippines; about 1.5 million adolescences survive on handouts and trash (Cullen, 2005). They are often subject to violence from parents as well as public officials. Frequently they come caught up in drug abuse and sales, prostitution, and other illegal activities in an attempt to survive their conditions. Nutrition is a foreign concept as the children struggle to find food of any type and in any condition. The nature and complexity of these struggles are key components to understanding how these atrocities can be abated. From plentiful research comes a clearer understanding of the situation, followed by an exploration of key points and finally a proposal for furtheringShow MoreRelatedArt History Study Guide3003 Words   |  13 PagesGhirlandaio –Man with his Grandchild; Giovanna Tournabuoni; Birth of the Virgin, Santa Maria Novella * Mantegna –Camera Picta ceiling; St. James Led to Execution; Dead Christ * Masaccio –Tribute Money/ Expulsion in the [and Masolono, Filippino Lippi] Brancacci Chapel; Trinity with Virgin, St. John the Evangelist, and Donors * Michelozzo –Palazzo Medici Ricardi * Perugino –Delivery of the Keys to St. Peter, Sistine Chapel * Pollaiuolo –Hercules and Antaeus;

Personal and Professional Challenges - 786 Words

University of Phoenix Material Personal and Professional Challenges Matrix Worksheet Use the following matrix to describe three personal and three professional challenges. For each challenge, describe time and stress management techniques along with personal development resources that may help a nurse overcome these challenges. |Personal Challenge |Time Management Technique |Stress Management Technique |Personal Development Resources | |Example: Balancing work and family |Use a calendar or organizer to plan my |Take regular family vacations. |Family counseling and self-help books | |responsibilities†¦show more content†¦| |Interview a new job |Search every other day for any new online job |Use relaxation technique |Practice with a friend or a family member. | | |openings. |(deep breath) | | | | | |Research possible questions and best answers. | | |Create a folder with all my personal |Be well prepared with possible questions which | | | |achievements |can decrease the stress level. | | | |(resume, attendance, yearly review) | | | | | |Drink some hot water before the interview.Show MoreRelatedEssay on Personal and Professional Challenges1607 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal and Professional Challenges Mojgan Soltani NURS 391 March 18, 2013 Sharon Thompson Personal and Professional Challenges Challenge is often viewed as a negative and rejecting word. 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My Dream Essay Example For Students

My Dream Essay Ever since I was a child I dreamed of becoming a successful woman. Success to me is when I have a masters degree in Business management, a career, and a family. Im determined to have it all. Education is very important to me. I believe knowledge is the utmost valuable tool for life, therefore going to college and getting an education, a masters degree, will give me great knowledge. The knowledge I gather will help my path to success. It is not easy working a full time job and going to college at the same time. But nothing good comes easy and Im determined to work hard for it. As of now, I am studying at Pierce College in San Fernando, California and I will transfer to university of Los Angeles, California UCLA in two years. Im going to get my masters degree in Business Management at UCLA. Im ready to face any obstacle that comes my way. Im certain nothing will defeat me, because I will not give up on my self, or my dream to success. As for my career, I want to be a banker. I started working full time as a teller in Washington Mutual bank in June, 2005. I got promoted as a senior teller less than six months and I have a desire to go all the way to the top one day. One day when I go to the executive level in banking, I will have a vast experience from a teller to an executive banker. The knowledge and the experience I will collect along the way, will be a great help to become a successful banker. It will also help me to earn a decent living, which will help me to my success. My Family is the most important thing to me. I want to be a mother one day. I think children are the most precious thing in life. My success will not be completed if I dont have a family to share my life with. A house full of laughter would be my ultimate success. I want to give a better life to my mother and my father too. They have sacrificed their dreams for my dreams and I want to take good care of them. I want to have my own house, in that house I want my parents, my husband, my children and I, to live happily. I dream big dreams, I set my goals and now Im working hard to achieve them. I believe imagination has no limits. Like I have heard many times dreams do come true, if you work hard at it. I believe I should never stop learning, no matter how old I am, Expecting more from myself is never a bad thing. I will never ignore my love ones to achieve my goals, because I will never feel completed if I dont have my love ones to share my achievements. I will do the best I can. I will be a successful one  day, I will be content with my life and thats my dream.

the Role of the Care Management in Medicine

Modern business environments demand for strategic business-decisions, that can assist the organization take advantage of business opportunities and mitigate against industrial risks and threats. The traditional business approach, which was directly inclined to profit making, has changed to focus on customer/organization relationship building. The new management approach aims at attaining the noble goal of business, which is making profits, indirectly.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on the Role of the Care Management in Medicine specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Care management business strategy ensures that organizations are strategically managed to facilitate the attainment of corporate goals and objectives; the management strategy enable organisations to steer their way ahead to adequately fulfil corporate goals and objectives (Bullen and Eyler, 2010). This paper discusses the care management strategy from differ ent dimensions in an organisation. Managerial challenges, targets, and ethics in the context of care management Managers within organizations have the role of making strategic decisions to curve their organizations strategic directions; it is through the quality of decisions that firms address challenges within their industry. The competitiveness of an organization is dependent on the quality, timeliness, and acceptability of decisions made by its leaders; within the frameworks of decision making, managers in contemporary business environment have the challenge of making the right decisions to cut across the needs of all business outlets in different parts of the world. The responsiveness and applicability of decisions to address issues facing a business determines the effectiveness of business processes within an organization. In care management, organizations need to manage their human resources cultural diversity; managing cultural diversity has been a challenge to management. Wh en adopting care management approach, managers have the challenge of managing change within the organization; care management calls upon strategic adjustments that might not be well embraced by human resources. Another challenge that managers face is how to develop an orchestrate workforce. Care management emphasizes on the need to have clear corporate objectives, goals, and targets; it is with the targets that the organization can develop the right pathways to their attainment. When making corporate targets, the management should ensure it understands the strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities it has within the industry its playing. Well articulated corporate targets supported by the right attainment strategy led to development of right management strategy (DiStefano and Maznevski, 2000). In contemporary business management, there has been concerns on ethical decision making within organizations; ethical decisions means making business decisions at teams, operational and corporate level that address social, cultural, environmental, and economical needs within and without a business. Business ethics refers to business strategies that facilitate the enactment of policies that support doing business in socially, economically and politically acceptable manner.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ethically conducted business benefit from increased competitiveness and customer loyalty; for a business to have ethics in its production, it should start by developing a code of conduct to be adhered by all personnel’s in the organization; training employees on ethical codes of conducts and reviewing the ethical codes with time. In the context of care management, business leaders have no option other than ensuring their organizations have the right frameworks for ethical and morally accepted business decisions. Theories in motivation and leadership and apply them in the context of care management Motivation is the drive to fulfill organizational goals and corporate objectives that employees, teams, departments and the entire organization have. It is the drive that gives employees the zeal to persevere to attain set goals either in an organization; with care management frameworks, management at team, department, or corporate level have the role of ensuring that they create an environment that facilitate the development of high motivation among staffs. People have different personalities and so do different things motivate them; with the understanding it’s up to the management to devise the best motivating method for its workforce taking care of diversity in the workforce among other affecting external or internal forces. Motivation is not static but changes with among others age, economic status and social status; the structure and policies adopted in an organization determine the kind of motivation that the organizatio n adopts, despite development of motivational structures being the work of human resources management (Fernandez-Alles and Ramos-Rodrà ­guez, 2009) Leaders have a role to play in motivation; they should create a good working environment that all employees will feel comfortable and willing to work. It should be noted that motivation is a continuous process; attainment of one goal leads to another goal and a different motivational system; this an effective motivation system/process should keep innovating, inventing, and devising the right motivational policies. Different theorist and human resources management gurus have developed theories of motivation, they include theory X/Y, developed by partly by Sigmund Freud (X part) and opposed by Douglas McGregor (Y part). When adopting the theory in the context of care management, business leaders should classify their human resources on the basis of how they value their work and the motivating strategic that they can adopt for quality resu lts.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on the Role of the Care Management in Medicine specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Abraham Marlow brought about another theory; it is called hierarchy of need theory; in this theory, management is advised to offer an improvement on the welfare of their staffs if they will attain good results. In a well-structured company, no single theory that can stand on its own, but element of at least two theories is seen. Leaders have the role of implementing strategies, entrepreneurial and mandated with the role of creating a winning team. Different situations and organization calls for different leadership styles, thus management should ensure that they understand the kind of style that can be implemented in their organization. The roles of a leader are to ensure that he organizes resources in the best combination for best results; she or he should thus inspire and empower people to realize their potentials; it is through this that he can make a good performing team. Within care management, there are different types of leadership styles. Autocratic leadership style is an approach whereby the leader is the main decision maker; the leaders have much controls and makes things move in the way he want them done. The style has the leader has the center of knowledge and assumes to know precisely the direction that the organization should take for success. Under the democratic leadership approach, leaders involve their staff members when making decisions and ensures things are done by the staffs through their involvement in the decision making process. This is the leadership method that has been advocated for care management strategy as it leads to employees who are hardworking, highly motivated and can communicate effectively with the management (Maznevski and DiStefano, 2000). Evaluate the significance and challenges of managing resources and apply key principles to problem solving in care management Business-leaders are mandated with the role of devising mechanisms that can facilitate their organization utilize factors of production effectively; every organization has some resources that need to be well managed for competitiveness. It is from the resources of a firm that best management policies are attained, cost management policies adopted, strengths and opportunities utilized as well as weak-points addressed. Scarcity in resources and competition in modern globalized world calls for adoption of strategic management policies; strategic management involves determination of mission, vision, values, goals, objectives, roles and responsibilities of an organization and the pathways through which the organization can follow to attain competitiveness.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Care management has much advocacy of effective utilization of corporate resources; in the management style, resources can be classified as human resources, physical resources, information resources, or financial resources. An optimal combination of these resources is attained when optimal gain from the particular resource is attained at minimal cost. Management of resources thus entails having such management policies that will lead to the attainment of corporate goals and objectives in the most effective and cost effective manner. When managing resources, management should be sensitive to changes on business processes at management and operational level; policies should always be sort to facilitate continuous improvement. Continuous improvement and business process re-engineering is recent management tool which aims at improving organizations current operational strategies; the management approaches aims at continually improving the state of art in an organization. The strategic ma nagement tools aim at modernizing of business processes to attain high efficiency for a competitive advantage. The approach adopted by continuous improvement and business process re-engineering aims at looking into critical success factors that an organization can adopt for the benefit of the firm. The business methodology ensures that all areas of an organization have been looked into. It reconstructs different organization processes; the expected results include cost efficiency, improved customer service and improvement in production speed. The main challenge facing organizations in modern business environments is how to understand and manipulate external environment facing their organizations. Businesses do not operate in isolation; they operate in environments where they are affected by changes and operations of the environment. To understand the operating environments, business leaders need to be pioneers of strategic external and internal environment analysis. External and int ernal environmental audits are strategic management tool that aims at understanding features affecting a particular industry or business; individual business has minimal control over its external environment however it has the option of adopting or changing the environment if possible. In an external environment analysis, the focus is on factors that affect a business but the business has nothing much it can do regarding their effects; some of the external environmental factors that an organization need to understand include political stability/instability in a county, technological developments, globalization, computer invention, financial status of the market, population compositions and foreign competition. Understanding the external environment may be challenging to an organization leading to wrong decisions When solving problems, organizations need to be critical and address the root cause of the problem; however the challenge facing contemporary business environments in the co ntext of care management is lack of quality, reliable adequate information for decision making. Business leaders in modern changing businesses are using scientific management approach; under the management style, information and wide research on the issue at hand takes centre stage and involvement of subordinates in decision making is enhances (Mullins, 2010). Critically appraise the roles of reviewing personal development plans and appraisals in care practice management Human resources are precious to an organization; they need to be managed effectively. When developing a personnel’s development and appraisal plan, business leader’s needs to have an effective performance appraisal and rewarding system. with an effective performance management employees’ confidence, career growth, talent management, and motivation are boosted. Personnel’s development and appraisal plan is defined as a continuous process that involves assessment of an employee in all dimen sions with the aim of rewarding and establishing areas that can be improved (improvement is through training, mentoring, coaching, and guidance) for better performance. The methods assist an organization learn and understand its staffs strengths, weaknesses, talents and capabilities; when the above attributes of employees are known, then a company can devise appropriate motivational, rewarding, training and mentoring programs to enhance performance within the organization (Kaplan and Norton, 2001). Effective personnel development and appraisal strategy considers two main performance evaluation; qualitative output and quantitative output. Quantitative standards are the deliverables that an employee is expected to produce when offered maximum support and mentorship from the management and the organization as a whole. The tangible outcome attributable to a certain employee when supported by other members of the team should be the vocal point in quantitative performance standard setting . Qualitative standards entail the leadership, intellectualism, and team spirit attributes that an employee portrays within a given timeframe. An understanding of qualitative and quantitative attributes of personal development assist organizations address training and talent management needs in an organization. References Bullen, M. L. and Eyler, K., 2010. Human resource accounting and international developments: implications for measurement of human capital. Journal of International Business Cultural Studies, 1(2), pp. 31-16. DiStefano, J. J. And Maznevski, M. L., 2000. Creating Value with Diverse Teams in Global Management. Organizational Dynamics, 29(1), pp. 45-63. Fernandez-Alles, M. and Ramos-Rodrà ­guez, A.,2009. Intellectual structure of human resources management research: A bibliometric analysis of the journal Human Resource Management, 1985–2005. Journal of the American Society for Information Science Technology, 60(1), pp. 161-175. Kaplan, R. S. and Norton, D. P . ,2001. Transforming the Balanced Scorecard from Performance Measurement to Strategic Management: Part I. Accounting Horizons, 15(1), pp. 87-104. Maznevski, M. L. and DiStefano, J. J., 2000. Global Leaders Are Team Players: Developing Global Leaders Through Membership On Global Teams. Human Resource Management, 39(2/3), p. 185. Mullins, L.J., 2010. Management and Organizational Behavior. New Jersey: Prentice Hall This report on the Role of the Care Management in Medicine was written and submitted by user Renee Buchanan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

EA Sports’ Keys to Success Essays

EA Sports’ Keys to Success Essays EA Sports’ Keys to Success Essay EA Sports’ Keys to Success Essay Electronic Humanistic disciplines or EA Sports is considered to be one of the taking companies every bit far as the gambling industry is concerned. With its wide scope of company support from among its different constitutions across the Earth. EA Sports continues with its thrust to take the battalion of the companies in both offline and on-line bet oning systems. Apparently. the assorted methods employed by EA Sports in footings of artworks design. selling. production and client directions are merely some of the important and every bit important factors which have mostly contributed to the company’s success over the past few old ages. It can be noted that the company has underwent major developments through the old ages. particularly since the cyberspace is continuously germinating. As the line of merchandises and services being offered by the company began to spread out dramatically. the demand for betterments in order to remain afloat the competition in the competitory universe of bet oning rose proportionately. As a affair of fact. EA Sports is continuously developing more and more game merchandises which comparatively match the developments in the hardware used for the package games. On the other manus. the company has besides developed the graphical content of its package games in about the full class of the being of the company manner back in 1982. This can be attributed to the fact that the demand for games which meet the demands of of all time increasing bet oning public-service corporations have besides increased. It can besides be attributed to the changeless inflow of thoughts spurred by the company’s game developers which. by all agencies. guides the way of the company in the context of the available engineering. With these general things in head. it is every bit of import to look into the inside informations as to why EA Sports is a great company amidst the stiff competition in the gambling industry. Equal chances One of the grounds why EA Sports has become one of the world’s taking synergistic amusement package company is the fact that it aims at supplying an equal playing field for prospective employees. By giving draw a bead oning appliers the equal chance to portion and lend their endowment to the company. EA Sports has gained a broad scope of blessing from labour critics and brotherhoods. therefore giving the company an added advantage in furthering a healthy environment for the company. Peter Western states that people profess to believe in equal opportunity and that it necessarily amounts to stating that there is a certain cloth of penchant for a system which gives equal chance than those without ( Western. p. 837 ) . Equally far as EA Sports is concerned. there are indexs to deduce that the company has provided equal chances for people. In peculiar. the company has non discriminated employees and appliers in footings of gender and race to call a few. On the contrary. the company has strongly encouraged the sense of diverseness among its ranks and files. which is further elaborated in the company’s codifications of behavior. More significantly. the company has been able to keep a steadfast appreciation on the rule of doling out equal chances to assorted persons by set uping several subdivisions across the universe. EA Sports does non merely hold a broad array of subdivisions in America. It has besides working subdivisions in Asia and Europe which proves the point that the company does non merely purpose at a planetary laterality in the industry but besides aim a wider audience both for employees and clients. With a broader base support for prospective employees across boundaries from gender and race to nationality. the company has surpassed the undertaking of keeping a healthy blend of work force. Wider client range A. Leslie notes that complex interconnectednesss among topographic points and between the planetary and the local have ever existed ( Leslie. p. 404 ) . This gives the thought that companies taking at a successful planetary selling run should larn to cover with these complex interconnectednesss. One of the ways in accomplishing this terminal is to procure a broad client range. Given the fact that EA Sports has company divisions in the United States. Asia and in Europe to call a few. it can barely be doubted that the company has a broad client range. In fact. the company besides offers the clients the option to download some of its games online. This enables the client to straight buy games without even go forthing the amenitiess of their ain place. which goes without stating that a client from Asia can immediately buy games from the web site of the company that is based in the United States. Since EA Sports besides operates online. the company besides has a client-support system which greatly enhances the efficiency of communicating between the client and the company. With this strategy. the demands and questions of the clients are expeditiously addressed in the earliest clip possible which drastically reduces the clip spent on waiting for mail-clad responses from other companies. Further. EA Sports besides has an on-line forum for its games provided for its registered members. Since enrollment is free of charge and is done online. entree to the forum is comparatively easy. In kernel. the on-line forum provided by the company stimulates interpersonal communicating from among the members themselves inasmuch as it besides gives the company the capableness to supervise the recent treatments among its clients. It besides gives the company administrators to straight pass on and prosecute in a healthy treatment with the forum members. therefore giving manner to a refined system of updating the company’s public presentation in conformity to the demands and desires of the clients. The company’s web site besides features a list of updates with respect to its game characteristics and approaching events. This characteristic gives its browse clients the ability to maintain posted about the recent updates to the games they have purchased every bit good as the approaching events near their vicinity which may be of involvement to them. More significantly. this characteristic gives the company the upper manus in keeping a healthy figure of clients who invariably search for the recent gambling package available. further augmenting the figure of clients to the company. Ability to accommodate. follow and germinate It has been observed that a company’s ability to accommodate. follow and germinate is important to the endurance of any company. particularly when the company has direct connexions to the information and communications engineering sector ( Hans. Johanson and Seyed-Mohamed. p. 30 ) . EA Sports besides has the ability to accommodate to the current tendencies in the market with regard to engineering and follow the popular athleticss and leisure activities of the people. The latter is discernible in the manner in which the company has been able to integrate the several popular athleticss such as hoops and football into its bet oning market. For case. the company has been able to spread out its gambling lists by geting the rights to do games out of the NBA. FIFA. NFL and NCAA. As these games become more and more popular to both old and younger coevalss likewise. the demand for the package versions of these games has besides increased. Furthermore. EA Sports has been able to prolong its rights in doing package versions of these games. Since the construct of the first package version game of NBA. the company has continued to further better the graphical inside informations of the game. In comparing. NBA Live 2008 has more advanced graphical characteristics than its predecessors. The patterned advance of the game versions created by EA Sports has besides prompted a development in the characteristics available in these games. As Robinson and Chiang observes. forces alone to an single concern can give a intercrossed strategy for many grounds ( Robinson and Chiang. p. 856 ) . The same can be observed with EA Sports which. in its attempts to consolidate a big amount of its plan developments for the series of NBA Live for illustration. has resorted to legion alterations of its games. From the graphical interface experience of the user to the manner in which the user controls the game. EA Sports has routinely developed its series of popular games in order to increase the characteristics of the games and run into the steady flow of consumer outlooks. Further. the company is besides able to hammer other elements into the merchandises that it markets to the populace. One of these external elements is music. or the capableness of the company to integrate popular and several other lifting music both from established and recent sets. For case. EA Sports has late used the music of the set The Bravery in farther advancing the company’s latest release of its Madden NFL 2008 game. By making this strategy. the company has been able to non merely widen the range of the game to music partisans but besides increase the entreaty of the game itself. Merchandise enlargement EA Sports besides features a list of its expanded game characteristics which includes but is non limited to merchandises from jerseies to jackets. memorabilia points from playing cards to extremely individualized ware. and downloadable vocals. Putsis and Bayus point out that product line direction is an of import tool of competitory scheme used by houses in diverse strategies ( Putsis and Bayus. p. 110 ) . Therefore. merchandise line direction through the enlargement of the merchandises and services offered by the company is taken to be one manner for the company to strategically obtain an advantage over its rivals. Although the enlargement of merchandises by EA Sports translates to an addition in the operation disbursals of the company which are external to the basic proviso of resources to its chief merchandises. the success of the company in the competitory gambling industry can besides be shared with by merchandise enlargement. Decision EA Sports has been successful in taking the battalion of competitory companies in the gambling industry through its attempts in advancing its lines of merchandises and services. The uninterrupted development of the industry has prompted the company to farther polish its internal and external attempts to remain afloat the competition. Mentions Ea Sports Homepage . 2008. EA Sports. February 25 2008. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //easports. com gt ; . Hallen. Lars. Jan Johanson. and Nazeem Seyed-Mohamed. Interfirm Adaptation in Business Relationships. Journal of Marketing55. 2 ( 1991 ) : 30. Leslie. D. A. Global Scan: The Globalization of Advertising Agencies. Concepts. and Campaigns. Economic Geography71. 4 ( 1995 ) : 404. Putsis. William P. . and Barry L. Bayus. An Empirical Analysis of Firms’ Product Line Decisions. Journal of Marketing Research38. 1 ( 2001 ) : 110. Robinson. William T. . and Jeongwen Chiang. Product Development Strategies for Established Market Pioneers. Early Followers. and Late Entrants. Strategic Management Journal23. 9 ( 2002 ) : 856. Westen. Peter. The Concept of Equal Opportunity. Ethical motives95. 4 ( 1985 ) : 837.

Ernest Hemingway about Writing Fictions

Ernest Hemingway about Writing Fictions Write Fictions like Ernest Hemingway The heritage of Ernest Hemingway is a remarkable phenomenon not only in the prose of the 20th century but also in the history of world literature in general. He created a big number of masterful stories which influenced the formation of many later known authors. Despite the fact that there is no Hemingway’s single book on the art of writing fiction created by him, literary critics and researchers found a lot of interesting things in his letters, articles and reviews of other books. Let’s take a look at Hemingway’s aces in the hole that made his style so unique. The best way to overcome a writing block is to start with one true sentence Hemingway mentions this method in his famous memoir A Moveable Feast, in which he argues that the truest sentence is an excellent means to start and promote a new story. According to him, there are no reasons to worry, as if you have created one true sentence about something you know or have experienced, you have a basis and can move on. Stop in the moment when you know what thing and events will take place next The great writer always pays extremely big attention to keeping the source of his imagination full, rather than writing a certain number of words per day. The prerequisite for making steady progress is to stop when the writing process runs smoothly and when you know for sure what will happen next. In this case, you won’t be exhausted as a writer and never get stuck. Think of the story only during working hours This point correlates with the previous one. Hemingway recommends not thinking of the story in the intervals between work sessions, in that way you are still subconsciously working on the story. Thinking about it consciously you make your brain tired and exhausted before the real work starts. Following Hemingway’s example, you can be distracted – exercise and thereby harden the body, or read a lot and find some food for thought. By the way, you shouldn’t completely empty your writing source; always leave something on the bottom. Reread the previously created materials to move on This rule is aimed to maintain the principle of continuity. Every day Hemingway read (and corrected if it was necessary) from the very beginning everything he had written, and only after that went further from the moment at which he stopped previously. Make an emotion instead of describing it Observation of life isn’t the only decisive factor for good writing, it’s better to consider it as one the most crucial points for creating worthy stories. You should watch some external changes in the world, notice what internal shifts occur in you and identify precisely what thing caused the emotion. If you can clearly define and depict it in the story, your readers will also experience the same emotion. In addition to that, you should keep balance and sequence of motion and fact in order to make the emotion valid right now, in a year or in twenty years. A pencil is the main means of writing For composing letters or magazine articles Hemingway often used a typewriter, but when he dealt with serious work he preferred a pencil. Hemingway explained that while working with a pencil writer gets three different sights at his work – when reading it over when it’s typed and in the proof. The author can see whether the message sent to the reader is correctly perceived or make some corrections. Be brief Similar to Shakespeare’s Brevity is the Soul of Wit, Hemingway also preferred to be brief. He argued that prose writing has its own laws and they are strict and immutable as well as the laws of physics or mathematics.

The Contemporary Art Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Contemporary Art Market - Essay Example The essay "The Contemporary Art Market" talks about the Market of Contemporary Art. The impact of diversification and extension of art market into an open international market has gradually permeated into the art market with major changes being felt in operation of the sales. Such changes include the use of major auction outfits such as Sotheby’s and Christie’s. Giving a quick scan of the proceeding of the 2010 market, some of the above revelations come into light, for instance the fact that some of art pieces by some of the above mentioned contemporary artists dominated the market. It is also an observed fact mixed reactions depict the market situation while 2010 is taken into comparison with 2008, just before the recent economic crisis. While earlier predictions indicated that the impact of the recent economic slump would take at least three years to full recovery, a different reaction would not be ruled out earlier than that. According to the author, the impact of ec onomic performance was severe to the art market and a considerable duration time would be projected to recover. However, 2010 indications are satisfactory that normalcy will rapidly return in 2011 if all factors are held constant. Brown illustrates one of the pricing patterns to be expected in 2011, with impact of 2008 crisis gradually being recovered. Some of the major sales recorded in 2010 at Christie’s include Jasper John’s Flag was sold at over 28 million US dollars. Rehs also reports that Liz went fro over 18 million US dollars.

North Korea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

North Korea - Essay Example The Boxer Rebellion initiated by China had a negative impact on Russian interests. Consequently, Russia sent troops into Manchuria. America instituted the open door policy (1899-1900) to curb Russian expansion. Nevertheless, Russia and Japan fought over Manchuria and Korea (1904-1905). This paper delves into the historical evolution, demographics, politics and other events that have shaped North Korea as such (Armstrong 13). Russia experienced a communist revolution and toppling of the Tsar in 1917; the country officially adopted the name of the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics). The USSR’s influence had dwindled in East Asia by this time while Japan became more confrontational over Manchuria. The Japanese eventually installed a puppet government in Manchuria after the invasion of 1931-1932. Japan’s aggression escalated to the extent that it declared war on China in 1937. Furthermore, Japan forced the invasion of its culture on Korea through imposing Shinto religion on the Koreans and forcing them to adopt Japanese surnames. Korea’s national endowments were eyed by competing nations culminating in the Korean war of 1950-1952. Government records and statistics are somewhat sketchy. The CIA World Fact Book estimates that the population of North Korea is 24,589,122 as of 2012. People below 14 years old represent 22%; those aged 15-64 represent 69% while those above 65 years old represent 9%. A further look into the statistics reveals that number of females is considerably bigger than that of males within the age range of above 15 years old. The median age is 31.2 for males and 34.6 for females; this is a young median age for both. The birth rate of 14.51 per 1000 and death rate of 9.12 per 1000 combined with a net immigration rate of -0.04 per 1000, which yields a population growth rate of 0.53%. Urbanization is 60% of the population; infant mortality rate is 26.21 deaths per 1000; maternal death rate is

Prrple Latifolia Essay Example for Free

Prrple Latifolia Essay The benefits of the soap go far beyond its basic purpose. Lavender is a plant that has long been used for a number of medical purposes. Lavender soap is a wonderful way to wash away the day. With its soft sweet fragrance it is great for soothing the mind and body. This soap has ingredients that can help in skin, like lime of calamansi that has benefit that when rub on dry or scaly skin can restores and add moisture to the skin. Also the purpose of this project is to know the other people that it can do soap that have all in one with Insect repellant and whitening extract. B. Result With the use of our product, we will be able to make a cheap but effective soap that can alleviate the need to buy products like lotion and repellants. Chapter 1: Background of the study At the start of the school year, Our chemistry teacher, Mrs. Grace Ababat, told us to find an Innovative Investigatory project that can help the community. Our group researched and found out that all soaps, at present, doesn’t have collective effects. Soaps mostly just have a few effects, such as whitening, germ-protecting, Etc and special soaps have only one single effect. When used for cleaning, soaps allows otherwise insoluble particles to become soluble in water and then rinsed away. For example: oil/fat insoluble in water, but when a couple of drops of dish soap are added to the mixture, the oil/fat apparently disappears. The insoluble oil/fat molecules become associated inside micelles, tiny spheres formed from soap molecules with polar hydrophilic (water-loving) groups on the outsides and encasing a lipophilic (fat-loving) pocket, which shields the oil/fat molecules from the water making it soluble. Anything that is soluble will be washed away with the water. Synthetic detergents operate by similar mechanisms to soap. Soap for cleansing are obtained by treating vegetable or animal oils and fats with a strongly alkaline solution. Fats and oils are composed of triglycerides; three molecules of fatty acids are attached to a single molecule of glycerol. Soap making companies, nowadays, remove Glycerol and sells it as a ingredient to cosmetics Soaps, Insect repellant, lotions, ETC. are now getting rather expensive. If you buy all of them then the price will range from P250-350 just to get all-natural all-in-one soap that will alleviate the need for anyone to buy other products, beside soap, just to get certain effects. Objectives Our main objective, to able to do a soap product that will alleviate the need to buy expensive products like lotion and insect repellant just to get their effects. Statement of problem 1. Will the soap alleviate the need to buy products like lotions and insect repellants? 2. Will soap provide all the effects it is supposed to? Hypotheses 1. Yes it will. It will provide for the effects product like lotions and insects repellants provide. 2. Yes. It has been proven through real-world testing among the members of our group. Significance of the study Money is a luxury people just done have. When someone need something, like insect repellent, it will cost money. Our Investigatory project’s significance is that it will have the effects of other products and the effects that most soaps don’t have. With this, it will able to save money and save time. Definition of terms Lavender Latifolia- Mediterranean plant with pale purple flowers that yields spike lavender oil. Lye- A strongly alkaline solution, especially of potassium hydroxide, used for washing or cleansing. Calamansi- A sour fruit of this plant, resembling a small tangerine and sometimes used as a flavoring or for beverage, sauces or marmalades. Coconut oil- is an edible oil extracted from the kernel or meat of matured coconuts harvested from the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera). It has various applications in food, medicine and industry. Vegetable oil- A vegetable oil is a triglyceride extracted from a plant. Such oils have been part of human culture for millennia. The term â€Å"vegetable oil† can be narrowly defined as referring only to substance that are liquid at room temperature. For this reason, vegetable oils that are solid at room temperature are sometimes called vegetable fats. Hydrogenated- to treat with hydrogen-is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst. The process is commonly employed to reduce or saturate organic compounds. Purple- Color of the Lavender latifolia Chapter 2: Introduction Lavender oil is an essential oil obtained by distillation from the flower spikes of certain species of lavender. Lavender is used for restlessness, insomnia, nervousness and depression. It is also used for variety of digestive complaints including meteorism (abdominal swelling from gas in the intestinal or peritoneal cavity), loss of appetite, vomiting, nausea, intestinal gas (flatulence), and upset stomach. Some people use lavender for painful conditions including migraine headaches, toothaches, sprains, nerves pain, sores, and joint pain. It is also used for acne and cancer, and to promote menstruation. Lavender is applied to the skin for hair loss (alopecia areata) and pain, and to repel mosquitoes and other insects. Lavender oil, which has long been used in the production of perfume, can be used in aromatherapy. The scent has a calming effect which may aid in relaxation and the reduction of anxiety and stress. In our investigatory project, this is our main ingredient. Our Ingredients also include Calamansi. It has been proven that calamansi can remove odor and gradually whiten the skin. We used a little black pepper because it is a very effective insect repellant. Our Investigatory project only include all natural products so it is not harmful to animals, plants , humans and the environment. Chapter 1 Background to the study At the start of the school year, Our Chemistry teacher, Mrs. Grace Ababat, Told us to find an Innovative Investigatory project that can help the community. Our group researched and found out that all soaps, at present, doesn’t have collective effects. Soaps mostly just have a few effects, such as whitening, germ-protecting, ETC, and special soaps have only one single effect. When used for cleaning, soap allows otherwise insoluble particles to become soluble in water and then be rinsed away. For example: oil/fat is insoluble in water, but when a couple of drops of dish soap are added to the mixture, the oil/fat apparently disappears. The insoluble oil/fat molecules become associated inside micelles, tiny spheres formed from soap molecules with polar hydrophilic (water-loving) groups on the outside and encasing a lipophilic (fat-loving) pocket, which shields the oil/fat molecules from the water making it soluble. Anything that is soluble will be washed away with the water. Synthetic detergents operate by similar mechanisms to soap. Soaps for cleansing are obtained by treating vegetable or animal oils and fats with a strongly alkaline solution. Fats and oils are composed of triglycerides; three molecules of fatty acids are attached to a single molecule of glycerol. Methodology Our product, Purple Latifolia, is an all-natural all-in-one soap. It will alleviate the need to buy product like lotion and insect repellants because it will provide for the effects that those products. Our product can protect the skin from bacteria, alleviate migraine, restlessness, insomnia, nervousness, headaches, toothaches, sprains, nerve pain, sores, and joint pain, repel mosquitoes and other insects, whiten the skin, relieve insomnia, pain, and agitation , heal the skin and few other effects. Latifolia means â€Å"works best in water† so our soap’s effects can be optimized with water. Source of Data The population which constituted sample as respondents in this study consists (8) third year high school students at Sto. Rosario Montessori School, Valenzuela City, during School year 2013-2014. Data Gathering and Instruments The following instruments are needed in making a soap: *Thermometer *Cups *Soap Molds *Pan *Stir *Gas stove or any kinds or stove By using this materials you can do a presentable soap. Treatment/General Procedure Mixture of Lye and water 1. Measure the water, 4oz. The measure of the lye should be half of the measure of the water. 2. Pour the lye to the water (always this way, it might explode the other way around. Mix well till it is 100 degrees farenheit) Mixture of all ingredient to become soap 1. While doing the mixture of the lye and water, first you must set the stove to 100 fahrenheit. 2. Put the oil in the stove and wait till the oil is again 100 degrees F. 3. Mix them together (mixture of lye and water) till it has a soapy texture. 4. Put the 2oz of lavender oil, the 1oz of coconut oil and lime of calamnsi. 5. After you mix everything and reach to become it soapy texture, pour it in the soap mold and let it cure (cure period depends on the quantity) Materials needed: Lavender Oil (2oz) Coconut Oil (1oz) Vegetable Oil (6oz) Lye (2oz) Pan Gas range, gas stove or griller Water (4oz) Calamansi extract (squeeze atleast 2 calamnsi Soap molder Chapter 3: Data Analysis # of trials Quantitative Qualitative First Try 4 oz of water 1 oz of lye 6 oz of vegetable oil 7. 5 ml of lavender oil 7. 5ml of coconut oil Failed Texture: Becomes oily Smell: Blending odor of lavender oil and coconut oil Color: Light green Second Try 8 oz of vegetable oil 2g of lye 2oz of water Food coloring 1 teaspoon of black pepper Failed Texture: Not yet mold Smell: Rusty odor Color: Black Fourth Try 4 oz of water 2 oz of lye 6 oz of vegetable oil 2oz of lavender oil Success Texture: It becomes mold Smell: Lavender Color: white Last Try 4 oz of water 2 oz of lye 6 oz of vegetable oil 2oz of lavender oil 1oz of coconut oil Success Texture: It becomes hard Smell: like Lavender Color: White Result The result after the trials, the soap is improving. Even if it’s hard to do, it reached the success in doing it. Just to prove to others that it can discover a soap that has all-in-one soap that has whitening extract and insect repellant that will become effective. Finally it can promote to others. Chapter 4: Conclusion and Recommendation This is all-natural product have the capability to help the community through alleviating the need to buy and use expensive product like lotion and insect repellant because it already has their effects. It will be an affordable substitute. Based on the conclusion, the following were recommended: Always follow the extract measurements Always follow the procedure accurately The materials are always clean Be careful in handling Lye Be mindful at the temperature

Essay --

Mouse remains the most reliable species of choice to study the mechanism underlying in mammalian species. It is because they breed quickly, and their genetics are well understood. Aim: The principal aim of first research paper is to study the over expression level of miRNA -27b that induces cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in mice. The primary aim of the second research paper is to show how miRNA -212 and miR-132 expression regulates cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac myocyte autophagy. Methods: A 500bp genomic fragment comprising the miR-27b control region was amplified by PCR and ligated into adenoviral vector to generate Ad-miR-27b using 293A cells for cloning and expression of miRNAs. Transgenic mouse was created by amplifying the fragment flanking miR-27b which is then subcloned into an expression vector comprising human growth hormone poly A signal and ÃŽ ±-MHC promoter. Genotyping of the mouse is done by isolating genomic DNA from mouse tail by biosepsis followed by its amplification by PCR using specific primers. Western blotting is carried out on myocardial isolates and cardiac function was determined by echocardiography. All the statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Primary cardiomycetes were generated from neonatal mice/rat using a standard protocol. By cloning the whole miR-212/132 genomic locus (3.4kb) downstream of cytomegalovirus promoter within the pTARGET vector, an expression construct is generated which was used for the transfection of H9c2 cell lines. Transgenic mice showing the overexpression levels of miR-212/132 was generated by cloning 486bp genome encoding the hairpin stem loop downstream to 3rd exon sequence of ÃŽ ±-MHC gene and upstream of hGH poly A signal sequence. TAC was performe... ...analyzed for the over expression levels of miR 212 and miR 132 in heart tissue by reverse transcription PCR (fig.2b). However, the mouse were born normally but their life expectancy was reduced to 84 and 119 for Fam23 and Fam43 respectively (fig 2c). Their heart to body weight ratio has shown significant increase in heart mass at different ages. The upregulation of miR-212 and miR-132 witnessed the increased expression level of cardiac stress markers ANP and BNP ultimately resulting in the development of heart failure (fig. s3 bc). Evaluation of cardiac function in both transgenic and wild type mice is done by echocardiography, where end systolic and end diastolic of LV dilation was significantly observed in transgenic mice. Further, hemodynamic analysis confirmed impaired function of heart in transgenic mice. MiR-212 and miR-132 directly regulate FoxO3 expression:

Importance of Matrifocal family in the caribbean Essay

The Matrifocal family Is very prominent in the Caribbean. This is noted more as among people of Africans in the regions. Reasons for this diversity, Cultural Retention, Plantation system of slavery, SOCIO economic and the culture of property. Cultural retention, Melville Herkevitts was one of the first researchers to trace the African Origin of the slaves who came to the Americans he believed that despite attempts to strip Africans slaves ot their cultural heritage the practice ot polygyny was retained from the practice. affected by bonding and closeness of mother and child because the husband/ father was somewhat marginal. This pattern remained in the Caribbean society especially about lower class people of African descent. Plantation system, there is the belief that the persistence of the Matrifocal family can be seen as a consequence of the plantation system of slavery, M. C. Smith wrote that under plantation slavery stables families were not given a chance to develop unions of whatever sort, were often broken up as slaves were sold. The unit of mother and child was less likely to be torn apart than a unit of man, woman and child, males were denied family rights which resulted in a system of female centeredness therefore became marginalise. Women now lead their families. It is a well-organized social group which represents a positive adaptauon to the circumstances of poverty. By not tying herself down to a husband. the mother is able to maintain causal relationships with a number of men who can provide her with financial support. The above Information shows that the Matrlfocal family can be regarded as a form of family structure in its own right. It is therefore Important because it shows that a woman doesnt need a man to take care of her and her family, she If fully cable of performing both tasks all by herself. so Matrltocal family Is very Important.

Concept of Significant Event

It was a cool summer evening going into senior year with a slight breeze sliding over our scalps. The branches were swaying ever so calmly at the park on the Texas Track. I was with my cousin James who I always looked up too growing up, but now resented. He was the kid who always knew what to say and had a demeanor that was cool to the touch. With the long hair, gauges, and cool skate clothes. I wanted to be just like that. I was raised in private school so I had no sense of style, seeing what he wore and what he did really had an impression on me.He said there was going to be a party and wanted me to go with him. I was really bored and decided to give it a shot. We hung out together all through childhood, middle school, and a lot of high school. But as junior year came around for me and James Just dropping out of high school of senior year, cane was ravaging through teenagers Like a disease. As I continued to hangout with James I noticed him being a lot more slow as if he has Just a woken from a long slumber or angry for no reason. He told me he was taking cane or â€Å"bars†. At first I was okay with It, popping them recreational as well believing here was no real harm in them.We'd go to parties and take them throughout the night loving feeling of knowing you had a goodnight even though you could hardly remember It. Sometimes doing them gave us an over sense of confidence to talk to women, meet new people, and do things we'd never think of doing sober. But as the months went by I began to hear things from my mom and other family members that James has been stealing prescription pills from our grandparents and getting busted by police for stealing from people's cars. I could not believe what I heard. Sounded eke people spewing gibberish I couldn't understand.Someone you looked up to for advice, guidance making dreadful life changing decisions. I never tried to let it affect our bond as long as he TLD steal from me or get me Involved. Prescription pills b egan to deteriorate his brain killing every last functioning brain cell that could ever produce logical reasoning. His urge to steal to provide himself with a copious amount of cane would increase. Stealing Jewelry from our aunt and selling other pills to also supply his habit got him banned from my house and assessment of him to the family. Till showed sympathy and wanted to help him out and hangout with him knowing he has never done me wrong. The crowd he was being Involved with though made It especially uncomfortable to hangout more. Threads, arrogant, ignorant, scandalous scum of human beings were the ones he enjoyed hanging out with. I attempted to have him associate with my crowd of friends, but with pills coursing through his veins he acted irate and no one would want to hang out with him again. Spending time together turned into doing favors like driving him place to place to discuss situation to put myself through time and time again.If I ever got pulled over with him I was practically guaranteed I'd go to Jail Just because he's so known in town now. We walked to the park from his grandmas waiting to get picked up from one of lame's friends. As minutes go by we spot a black sedan with no rims and paint scratched as if a tiger has slashed it. As I unwarily get into the car I see James pull out foil and a little black ball. I knew it was heroin. He began smoking it, I have never seen someone smoke heroin before. It felt like I was watching a science experiment. I was more intrigued then disgusted at the moment.He offered me some and I rightfully refused knowing I had to draw the line somewhere on the impression someone could give to me. â€Å"l promise Eve only done it like once†, James said. I knew he was never going to get clean after that without hitting rock bottom. We approached the party it was somewhere out in Catchword, you can hear the poor quality sound of rap music and disarray of peoples conversations. Walking in I had an over sensati onal feeling that something bad was going to happen tonight. I notice people herding to a side of backyard like celebrity waltzed by or something.I could hear girls shouting â€Å"Stop! † and guys shouting obscenities as I approached. I peeked with curiosity to see what could be happening. It was Shame being pummel to a pulp by 3 guys with a much bigger stature. All looked like the kind of people that have been to Jail or definitely should be in Jail. I couldn't let my cousin get Jumped by these brutes. I Jumped in swinging with all my might hitting one with a gray double extra large shirt in the face. I knew once this happened I was going to get my ass kicked. As soon as my punch landed another punch from someone else crossed my jaw.Feeling like a brick Just flew at my face I dropped immediately being kicked viciously in the head and the rest of my body. Every time I attempted to rise and fight, my body would Just take blows like I am being pummel by rocks. It boggled my min d why people Just sit there and watch for that moment in time and never take action to help others. After the Jumping we endured for those few minutes that felt like an eternity, we left the party. Shame ran to a corner in the front awn, I was puzzled until he returned with $500 dollars and 40 cane pills he stole from those guys that he stashed.I couldn't believe that I took that beating for him to get that. I was so furious, my face boiling to bright red I shoved him as hard as I could demanding to know why he would steal from people. â€Å"This is what happens to you James, when you steal! † I said vigorously. He's lucky we didn't die or get arrested. I looked at his face and I knew now he would never get it. James would never understand what he is doing is wrong and is affecting his life. He's bringing me down ND sucking everything out of me like a leach or a parasite. Driving him place to place, hanging out, and the favors all need to stop. † I said to myself. Givin g me that moment of clarity made me realize I was an enabler making all the things going on his life continue the way they are going. â€Å"Whatever sorry man. † James said with hardly any remorse. I got dropped off later that night fading in and out of consciousness fighting to stay up. Turning back I notice James passed out next to me. I knew looking into his sunken lifeless eyes he wasn't going to learn his lesson until he learns the hard way. I

the search for justice essays

the search for justice essays Life is Beautiful can be described as a tragicomedy which portrays the Holocaust as a game which can be won if you dont get caught. This film was written and produced by Roberto Benigni in 1998. The film Escape from Sobibor was written by Richard Rashke and produced in 1987. It was based on a true story that the Nazis couldnt hide. I chose both movies because of the different views they portrayed of the Holocaust. It seems that in both movies, survival and hope are the two strongest characteristics of the Jewish people. Each movie depicts this in a different way. Robert Benigni portrays the Nazi concentration camp as a game with his son in order to shelter him from the cruel aspects of the camp, where as in the Escape from Sobibor, the main goal is to escape the cruelty of the camp. Life is Beautiful is a fictional movie based on the surrounding facts of the Holocaust. Escape from Sobibor is a true story written by a survivor himself. In Life is Beautiful, the most meaningful aspects of the movie were the conversations Benigni had with his son. It shows how far the father would go to protect his son and the love he had for him. It allowed you to feel the compassion of the situation despite the Nazi concentration camp. This story was written from a paternal perspective yet still being able to identify with the images of the Holocaust. This movie showed me how to live life positively. It shows how even in the worst situations you can still laugh and still love. Escape from Sobibor allowed you to feel the desperation and hopelessness of the Jewish people. It was written from the Jewish prisoners perspective and portrayed their determination to obtain their freedom they once had. The movie showed a perspective that is not widely known. Sobibor is a little known concentration camp and the events surrounding it are not known either. Watching the people get off the train, knowing that they we...

JavaScript and Emails †Expert Guide

JavaScript and Emails - Expert Guide When writing an email the two main choices that you have are to write the email in plain text or to use HTML. With plain text all you can place in the email itself is text and anything else must be an attachment. With HTML in your email, you can format the text, incorporate images, and do most of the same things in the email that you can do in a web page. As you can incorporate JavaScript into HTML in a web page, you can of course similarly incorporate JavaScript into HTML in an email. Why Isnt  JavaScript Used in HTML Emails? The answer to this relates to a fundamental difference between web pages and emails. With web pages, it is the person browsing the web who decides which web pages they visit. A person on the web is not going to visit pages that they believe may contain anything that might be harmful to their computer such as a virus. With emails, it is the sender who has the most control over what emails are sent and the recipient has less control. The entire concept of spam filtering to try to strip out junk emails that are not wanted is one indication of this difference. Because emails that we dont want can get through our spam filter we want the emails that we do see to be made as harmless as we can make them just in case something destructive does get past our filter. Also while viruses can be attached to both emails and web pages, those in emails are far more common. For this reason, the vast majority of people have the security settings in their email program set much higher than they have set in their browser. This higher setting usually means that they have their email program set up to ignore any JavaScript that might be found in the email. Of course, the reason why most HTML emails dont contain JavaScript because they dont have any need for it. Where there would be a use for JavaScript in an HTML email those who understand that JavaScript is disabled in most email programs will produce an alternative solution where the email links to a web page that contains the JavaScript. The Only Time JavaScipt Is Placed in Email There will only be two groups of people who place JavaScript into their emails - those who have not yet realised that the security settings in email programs are different from that in web pages so that their JavaScript isnt going to run and those who deliberately place JavaScript into their email so that it will automatically install a virus onto the computer of those few people who have the security settings in their browser misconfigured so that their JavaScript can run.

Mudering Mckinley Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mudering Mckinley - Essay Example his longtime competitor William Jennings Bryan a year earlier before his death in 1901.His steadfastness in solving the crisis that the united States in the 1893 experienced earned him candidacy in Democrat and populist party in 1896.Strikes, riots, increased taxes and factories, closed. His presidency was so timely that he worked hard to safeguard the worsening situation such in a few weeks time; his achievements were identifiable. During his campaigns, though he did not move around looking for votes but allowed the citizens to visit him in his ohio state, he promised to restore prosperity. Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th president of United States of America became the president after the assassination of William McKinley in 1901. He was experienced in handling public services after serving in public offices as a governor of the New York and secretary of the Navy Department in McKinley’s first administration from his vast experience and rising political career in the New York. He fought for the freedom of Cuba from Spain in 1898 and together with Leonard Wood organized the rough Riders, which was the first U.S Calvary. The aftermath of the war left United States in the acquisition of Spanish empire and the Caribbean. Moreover, the United States gained protectorate over Cuba and gave it overseas possession dominance. Roosevelt was unique in his approach to progressive achievements as a leader. 1 Mckinley managed to win the presidency in March 1897. As promised, the factories were opened, workers returned to work and this earned him credit. Rauchway (2003) believes that in 1898, The United States became an international colonial empire. During the short war with Spain, the president had not wanted colonies; however, the German power would dare and despoil them. The president was so prayerful and at one time he confessed his prayers before he went to sleep. God’s presence was felt and in the next election, with his able running mate, Roosevelt Theodore, who had

Global Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Global Economics - Essay Example Such was the case that by the end of 2002, a trend of account deficit has been established with statistics citing that foreign direct investment leads the US investment abroad by $2,387 billion. (Bureau of Economic Analysis) The lead has the tradition of roughly doubling year after year. â€Å"Attracted by the prospect of higher yields, foreigners channel their savings into the United States and fill the growing wedge between domestic investment and savings. In the process, aggregate demand also expands, causing the current account deficit to widen.† (Humpage 2004) We cite a specific example: During 1990s, â€Å"three interrelated factors are primarily responsible for most of the decline in the current-account balance since 1991. One was the relatively rapid growth of income in the United States compared with that in other major industrialized countries over most of the period. Another important factor was a surge in foreign demand for dollar assets in the late 1990s, which contributed to a higher dollar exchange rate and lower U.S. interest rates. Finally, a drop in the national saving rate owing to a rising federal deficit has helped push the current-account balance lower since 2001.† (CBO, 2004) The current account deficit poses a problem in several ways. One of the biggest consequences here is the idea that foreign investors and savers have established a significant financial claim on the United States and its domestic resources. (Allen, p. 145) In equal gravity, â€Å"the United States has slipped – suddenly and dramatically – from being the world’s largest creditor country to being the world’s largest debtor.† (Bryant and Holtham, p. 57) On a more specific note, Bryant and Holtham illustrated that with regards to merchandise trade deficit, there is a threat of recession when there is an excess of imports over exports as it significantly drags down the economy. By the end of 2006 it is projected that

Similarities and differences between The Big Sleep and Casablanca in Essay

Similarities and differences between The Big Sleep and Casablanca in Camera shooting - Essay Example The movie is based upon the novel by Chandler but differs considerably owing to changes in the content in some cases. The camera movements of the two classic movies encompasses the expressionist style along with some unique approach as suitable for a romantic melodrama (Casablanca) on one hand and a thriller (The Big Sleep) on the other. Almost the entire shooting of Casablanca takes place in the Moroccan city of Casablanca and the entire shot was almost held in the studio itself. It is one of the classic movies shot in black and white. The cinematographer Arthur Edison uses the Curtiz style of camera movements or expressionist lighting where the lights and shadow effects are used to create expression. The focus of the camera lies mainly on Bergman enacting the role of Ilsa Lund. The camera angle is mostly placed such that the shots are moved from the left side of her face as per her preference. To enhance the expressions of sadness, tender and nostalgia. This is especially true in the scene where she meets Rick alone. Symbolic shadows are cast on the characters to highlight essence of certain situations. The camera moves across a doorway with the inscription on stone "Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite" standing for Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, a common saying amongst the French Repupublicans. The Vichy govenrment has not yet replaced it. The cinematography uses the smooth movements of the camera along with this expressionist lighting with the environment serving as the backbone to highlight each moment and interplay of emotions. The establishment of Rick was built in three parts which were separated from one another. Hence the camera was set such that it looked through one of the walls of the cafà © into Rick’s office. Camera is held at close ups where the objects or the individual is significant and indicates something more important than the eye

Approaches to the Study of Political Philosophy Essay Example for Free

Approaches to the Study of Political Philosophy Essay Approaches to the Study of Political Philosophy Problems and Challenges of Interpretation *Notes compiled from David Boucher Paul Kelly’s ‘Introduction’ in Political Thinkers: From Socrates to the Present, and Terence Ball’s ‘History and the Interpretation of Texts’* Political thought is thought about the State, its structure, nature and purpose. It is concerned with the moral elements of human behaviour in a society. Differentiating between the purpose of political life and life itself is difficult as it involves considerations of the conceptions of right and wrong, which differ from person to person and time to time. Political thinkers/philosophers have attempted to explain institutions practices, advise rulers, defend certain values or principles, and criticized the existing world around them. They have focused broadly on the character of society or people and narrowly on institutions of government, law making the exercise of coercive power. At the most general level, political thought converges with present understandings of ethics moral philosophy as well as sociology and theological disciplines. The sheer variety of plurality of styles, approaches, and presuppositions has made political thought an exciting intellectual pursuit. Approaches to theorizing politics differ, and so do accounts of how and why political thought should continue to be studied. When studying political philosophy and the texts of the various historic philosophers, different factors tend to influence one’s understanding. Broadly, there is a text and a context to the text, and the study of classical political philosophy should ideally take into account both, in order to fully understand various nuances of every thinker. Philosophical Considerations: Political philosophy first began to emerge in histories of philosophy and general literature. By the 19th century, philosophical idealism was taking precedence and emphasis was on the coherence theory of truth. Under this view, the history of political thought was largely seen as a precursor to formulating one’s own philosophy. Viewing the history of political thought as a stimulus to philosophy was not confined to idealists though, and most recent and distinguished exponents of this view include Leo Strauss and Eric Voegelin. In essence this approach focused on the text and emphasised the timelessness of the ideas put forth therein. Political Thought as History: This view concerned itself with the issue of what properly constituted a historical study. Cambridge School of the 1960s and after, whose principal exponents were J. G. A Pocock and Quentin Skinner, argued for the disciplinary integrity of the historical study of political thought. This view, largely contextual in nature, stresses â€Å"the historicity of the history of political theory and of intellectual history more generally†, in the words of Skinner. For Pocock it was the historian, not the philosopher, who was the guardian of the truth. The text of historic philosophers is thus understood in context of its historical time. Both Skinner and Pocock posit a linguistic context as the appropriate unit of analysis that elicit the types of meaning that the historian makes intelligible. Political Thought and the Claims of Science: There was a demand for the discipline to conform to scientific modes of explanation. History for its own sake was viewed as a mere collection of facts and these facts needed to be subjected to scientific considerations in order for them to be considered credible. Frederick Pollock attributed ‘patient analysis and unbiased research’ as core signs of scientific analysis, according to which Machiavelli can be considered the greatest contributor to the dispassionate scientific study of politics. This view largely emphasised the objectivity of the inquirer and the need to formulate generalizations that might be of use to a political scientist. Political Thought and Practice: It is considered difficult, even undesirable, to separate practical from philosophical considerations. Political questions are intensely practical and political opinions potentially divisive and emotive. This view focused on importance of bridging the divide between theory and practice and maintained that the study of the past must have practical value for the present; trying to establish the possibility of normative political theory. According to R. G. Collingwood, theory and practice overlap, and all philosophical problems arise from practical problems, and their solutions return to practice. This view embodies the recognition that first order political theorizing cannot emerge from nowhere, but is a constructive enterprise which involves building, expanding and developing the vocabularies that are inherent in great political texts. The Straussians have vociferously advocated the importance of classical authors and their texts, and contended that it is our duty to take their claims to truth seriously. However, one does not have to be Straussian to defend the value of studying the value of classical texts. Even defenders of disinterested historical inquiry under the heading of the Cambridge School do not avoid drawing substantive, albeit negative, lessons from the contemplations of classical thinkers. Political philosophers can be classified in different ways with respect to their opinions or beliefs on such concepts as that of the State and its importance, or of the nature of humans. Conceptions of the State and why men obey it are largely of two types: 1. Organic State: The idea that the State is and organism of which men themselves are parts. This means that the state is larger than the men who make it; it is real and they are merely abstractions. This idea was brought forth by the Greeks, and the Stoics applied it to humanity as a whole. Consequently, it was taken over by Christianity and reigned supreme throughout the Middle Ages, until it was finally challenged at the time of the scientific revolution of the 17th century. This led to the second conception. 2. Mechanic State: The idea that the state is a machine which men create for their own purposes. Men are real; the state is merely a device. This view held its own throughout the Enlightenment of the 18th century. Subsequently, both the conceptions were generally accepted at different periods in history, one or the other assuming prime importance at some time. A further classification allots political thinkers to three different traditions: 1. Rational-Natural Tradition: Society and the state can only be understood when related to an absolute standard, which exists in nature and is thus outside human control. 2. Will and Artifice: Society and the state are artificial and not natural and that not the Reason but the Will of man is required to produce the State. Man’s Will has the power to alter society. 3. Historical Coherence: Rejects both the previous traditions as defective. Attempts to fuse Reason and Will, emphasises the importance of historical growth and denies that absolute standards exist. Believers of the Mechanic State belong to the Will and Artifice tradition, while those who believe in an Organic State can be from either Rational-Natural or Historical Coherence traditions. Perennial Problems: Students of political thought are aware of the variety of attitudes one may adopt towards the past and the study of classical texts. The so called New Historians pressed the claims of history as an autonomous discipline distinct from the philosophical character of its subject matter. George Sabine epitomized the basic assumption involved in positing the existence of perennial problems by reiterating that ‘political problems and situations are more or less alike from time to time and from place to place’. Quentin Skinner maintained that understanding the arguments of the political philosophers entailed reconstructing the language context in which they were formulated. He associated the idea of perenniality and timelessness with what he called the ‘textual’ approach. He argued that to concede that the ‘social context is a necessary condition for an understanding of the classic texts’ constitutes a denial that they ‘contain any elements of timelessness or perennial interest’. Most historians however, did not distinguish between textualist and contextualist interpretation. In fact, many argued that the social context help provide a clearer understanding of the meaning of a text. Despite differences of emphasis, most historians of political thought tend to agree that history is self-knowledge of the mind (Collingwood). Skinner also held the view that studying how past thinkers have dealt with political concepts could enable us to see our way round seemingly intractable conceptual problems in the present. The Art of Interpretation Hermeneutics The study of political thought or theory, involves out of necessity, attempts to understand messages or ideas sent to us by thinkers who are long dead, and whose works we read and reread in order to derive their meaning. Thus political theory can be called a backward – looking enterprise. Interpretation of the works of the likes of Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli to Mill, becomes a necessary process for the meaning seeking creatures that we are. Naturally, therefore, there exist a number of ‘schools’ of interpretation, the chief tenets of which will be highlighted further, and so will the interpretive controversies between and among them. It should however be made clear that not all interpretations are equally valid or valuable and that they are rationally criticisable. The vocation of political theory is in large part defined by its attention to the ‘classic works’. These authors and their works comprise an important aspect of our political tradition, which we renew and enrich by reading, reflecting upon and criticizing these classic works, the concepts, and context of which are largely unfamiliar to our modern understanding. A good interpretation is one that diminishes the strangeness of the text, making it more familiar and accessible. There is no neutral standpoint from which to interpret any text, the vantage point can differ. This can be seen through the following ‘Schools’ of Interpretation. 1. Marxian Interpretation: According to Marx, â€Å"the ideas of the ruling class are in every epoch the ruling ideas†, i. e. the dominant or mainstream ideas of any era, are those that serve the interests of the dominant class, thereby legitimizing its position of power in society. For example, slavery is portrayed as normal by Aristotle, who belonged to the slave owning society of Greece, where slavery was the norm, while in capitalist societies, free market is portrayed by mainstream media to be the best form of economic organization. Thus, for Marx, the point and purpose of any ideology is to lend legitimacy to the rule of the dominant class or social order; they serve as smoke screens, hiding the underlying reality from the public and presenting a superficial false picture of a just society. For a Marxist, the task of textual interpretation is to uncover this obscured reality and expose the illusion of that epoch. This approach is sometimes known as ‘the hermeneutics of suspicion’. It is a highly cynical approach that undermines the importance of ideologies. It takes no statement at face value, and performs the function of ‘ideology critique’ focusing on delving deeper to expose realities. An example of such an interpretation is Macpherson’s critique of Locke’s justification for private property, making him out to be a propagandist for the emerging capitalist order at the time. The Marxian approach encounters certain difficulties: According to the Marxist assumption that ruling ideas serve the ruling class, this should hold true even for Marx himself, as he was not part of the working class that he championed. By his own argument, his ideas should then be serving the interests of the ruling capitalist class, not the labouring proletariat. How their own theorizing is exempted from being interpreted as an ideological mask as opposed to all other ideologies is not explained. This approach gives the interpreter a pre-existing notion that he/she will find ideological trickery, which hampers pragmatic interpretation free from bias. 2. Totalitarian Interpretation: Rice of fascism and communism in the 20th century marked an era of the prominence of totalitarian regimes. The totalitarian school of textual interpretation anchors these ideologies to the thinking of early political theorists, going as far back as Plato, iterating that when their theories were put into modern practice, they produced Hitler and Stalin. Once one tries to attribute pro-totalitarian tendencies, they seem to be everywhere. Plato’s perfect republic ruled by a philosopher king who employs censorship and ‘noble lies’ becomes a blueprint for a Nazi regime ruled by an all knowing Fuhrer. The same might be said about Machiavelli’s ruthless Prince and Rousseau’s all-wise Legislator in The Social Contract. Sir Karl Popper was among the most prominent representatives of the totalitarian approach. His The Open Society and Its Enemies traces the roots of modern totalitarianism to the ideas advance by the ‘enemies’ of ‘the open society’ from Plato through to Marx. However, such interpretations of classic texts suffer from misreading of meanings, without placing the statements in their proper context. Further, an interpreter who stitches together statements taken out of their textual and linguistic context, in order to prove his pre-set idea of an underlying totalitarian theme, does not do justice to either the text or to himself. 3. Psychoanalytic (Freudian) Interpretation: This approach is based on Sigmund Freud’s famous argument that our actions are often motivated by our wishes, desires or fears of which we are not consciously aware. These interpretations (like the Marxian ones) also fall under the hermeneutics of suspicion. One can supply psychoanalytical interpretations of all sorts of texts, including those in political theory. This has been done in the case of Machiavelli, Edmund Burke, Mahatama Gandhi and J. S. Mill among others. Bruce Mazlish’s psychoanalytic interpretation of themes in the work of John Stuart Mill is an important example. In Mill’s On Liberty, he argues in favour of a very wide sphere of personal freedom to live one’s life as one wishes, without undue interference from others. As Mill’s autobiography tells us, he had a much regimented upbringing by his stern Scots father James Mill, which took its toll on young John who suffered from a mental breakdown at the age of 20, from which he recovered slowly and in part by reading the romantic poetry of Coleridge and Wordsworth. Subsequently, J. S. Mill ceased to be his father’s intellectual clone and became a thinker of his own, more prolific and famous than his father. Now Mazlish interprets On Liberty less as a work of liberal political theory, and more as a declaration of personal independence that is more autobiographical than analytical. According to the Freudian theory, Mazlish suggests that Mill was locked in an oedipal struggle with his father, whom he ultimately defeated in argument. While this may seem at the onset a rather suggestive and maybe insightful interpretation, such interpretations face stiff evidentiary challenges. This school faces criticisms of being too speculative, impressionistic and non-falsifiable. They are said to mistake coincidences for causes. 4. Feminist Interpretation: A feminist perspective puts gender issues at the forefront, and has had a lasting impact on the way we study and interpret works. It introduces a strong sense of scepticism into the study of ‘classic’ works. According to Susan Okin, ‘the great tradition of political philosophy consists, generally speaking, of writings by men, for men, and about men’. The feminist perspective highlights the extent to which civic and legal status of women was long considered a subject unworthy of theoretical treatment. This approach began in the 1960s, when women were looking for a history that connected present struggles with previous ones largely neglected by mostly male historians. Feminist historians of political though sought those who had championed the cause of women’s rights and related causes. Men like Friedrich Engels and J. S. Mill were placed in the feminist pantheon. Jeremy Bentham was honoured as ‘the father of feminism’. This transgender popular front was however, short lived. It turned out that the difference between outright misogynists like Aristotle and Rousseau and their more enlightened liberal brothers (above) was simply in matters of degree, not kind. By and large, male theorists marginalized women and placed them outside the public or civic sphere in which men move and act politically. In an angrier second phase, feminist scholars set out to expose and criticize the misogyny lurking in the works of Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Bentham, Mill and Marx among others. They dismissed public/private dichotomy and the concept of consent in liberal theory as a sham, the social contract as a ‘fraternal’ construct, and the modern welfare state as a covertly patriarchal institution. A third phase turned ostensibly civic virtues of men into vices and coined the term ‘maternal thinking’ to cover ‘nurturing’ women’s gently militant momism. However, this phase of valorisation of the private realm, found many critics, even feminists like Mary Dietz, who instead held out the prospect of an active engaged civic feminism. It turns out that feminists must try and engage in more nuanced textual analysis and historical interpretation. The Western political tradition is not reducible to a sinkhole of misogyny and other vices; it can, if understood properly, be a wellspring of political wisdom. 5. Straussian Interpretation: This view is of the followers of Leo Strauss, and they claim that a canon of works by Plato and other authors contains the Whole Truth about politics, one which is eternal, unchanging and accessible only to a fortunate few. Strauss was a Jewish refugee from Nazi Germany, who detested modern liberalism and distrusted liberal democracy. He saw the history of modern Western liberal political thought as a story of degeneration and enfeeblement; modern liberalism was according to him a philosophy without foundations. Strauss announced, ‘the crisis of our time is a consequence of the crisis of political philosophy. ’ His and his disciples’ historical inquiries and textual interpretations attempted to trace the origins and diagnose the multiple maladies of liberalism, relativism, historicism and scientism that together contributed to ‘the crisis of our time’. He criticises liberal modern thinkers such as Hobbes/Locke for negating the ‘older’ concepts of Natural law and instead propagated concepts of self- interest and security. Of course, like every other approach to interpretation, Straussian’s have also faced their share of criticism, mainly on the ground that they rely on a supposed ‘insider’s knowledge’ for their interpretation, which remains an ambiguous concept. 6. Postmodernist Interpretation: This perspective arises out of ‘the postmodern condition’ of fragmentation and the failure of systematic philosophies or ‘grand metanarratives’ like Hegelianism or Marxism. Post-modernism is not a single unified perspective; nor is it a systematic philosophy shared by all postmodernists. The postmodern sensibility is not a single stable thing. There are two main versions of postmodernist interpretation: Foucauldian Approach, derived from Nietzsche and Foucault, which seeks to criticize the myriad ways in which human beings are ‘normalized’ or made into ‘subjects’. They portray the classic thinkers as villains promoting a surveillance state, and postmodernists like Nietzsche as heroes who dared to resist. Derrida’s version, where the aim of interpretation is to expose and criticize the arbitrary character of claims to truth or knowledge. A process that Derrida calls ‘deconstruction’. He argues that all attempts to ‘represent’ reality produce, not knowledge or truth, but only different ‘representations’. The main criticism against this school of interpretation is that it is constitutionally unable to distinguish truth from falsehood and propaganda from fact, which makes this perspective unsatisfactory from both epistemological as well as moral points of view. 7. Cambridge ‘New History’: Since the 1960s, the Cambridge ‘new historians’ have advanced a distinctive programme of historical research and textual interpretation. The likes of J. G. A. Pocock and Quentin Skinner provided deflationary critiques of traditional ‘textbook’ approaches to the interpretation of works of political theory. According to them, most of what had till then passed as the history of political theory has been insufficiently historical, i. e.concerned with the context situation in which earlier thinkers found themselves and the problems with which they dealt. They viewed works of political theory as forms of political action, with words that are intended to produce certain effects in the reader – to warn, persuade, criticize, frighten, encourage, console etc. Textual interpretation thus becomes largely a matter of restoring a text to the historical context in which it was composed and the questions to which it was offered as an answer. CONCLUSION – Pluralist Problem Driven Interpretation Terence Ball thereby concludes that no single method will suffice to answer all the questions we wish to ask of any work of political theory. Therefore, a plurality of approaches and methods is preferable to a more confining mono-methodology that restricts the range of questions we can ask and address. He also agrees with the Cambridge new historians about the importance of intellectual, political and linguistic contexts within which theorists write. His view further states that since our interpretive inquiries are largely problem driven, we are likely to be less interested in authors or contexts, than in particular problems that might arise as we attempt to understand the former. In sum, the historical study of political theory is a problem solving activity. It takes other interpretations as alternative solutions to a problem and goes on to assess their adequacy vis-a-vis each other. Therefore, the activity of rereading, reinterpretation, and reappraisal is an indispensable, rather defining, feature of this craft.